The incidence of PPHN in the elective cesarean group was 6.9 per 1000 deliveries. The number of cesareans to be avoided to prevent one case of PPHN in this cohort was 387 (number needed to harm, 95% CI 206.8-3003.1).

Conclusions. Our findings include a high rate of PPHN following elective cesarean delivery, and suggest that physicians should consider this added morbidity when performing elective cesareans.”
“Prostate segmentation in B-mode images is a challenging task even when done manually by selleck experts. In this paper, we propose a 3-D automatic prostate segmentation algorithm which makes use of information from both ultrasound B-mode and vibro-elastography

data. We exploit the high contrast-to-noise ratio of vibro-elastography images of the prostate, in addition to the commonly used B-mode images, to implement a 2-D active shape model (ASM)-based segmentation algorithm on the mid-gland image. The prostate model is deformed by a combination of two measures: the gray level similarity and the continuity of the prostate edge in both image types. The automatically obtained mid-gland contour is then used to initialize a 3-D segmentation algorithm which models the prostate as a tapered and warped ellipsoid. Vibro-elastography

images are used in addition to ultrasound images to improve boundary detection. We report a Dice similarity coefficient of 0.87 +/- 0.07 and 0.87 +/- 0.08 comparing the 2-D automatic contours see more with manual contours of two observers

on 61 images. For 11 cases, a whole gland volume error of 10.2 +/- 2.2% and 13.5 +/- 4.1% and whole gland volume difference of -7.2 +/- 9.1% and -13.3 +/- 12.6% between 3-D automatic and manual surfaces of two observers is obtained. This is the first validated work showing the fusion of B-mode and vibro-elastography data for automatic 3-D segmentation of the prostate.”
“We sought to evaluate the effects and reversibility of different locations of accessory pathways (AP) on left ventricular dyssynchrony (LVdys). The acute and chronic effects of AP were evaluated in a canine model (n = 11) and in patients with pre-excitation syndrome (n = 25). Pre-excitation was simulated in the canine model by applying VDD-type epicardial ventricular pacing near Selleck IPI-549 the atrioventricular (AV) groove with 50-ms AV interval after median thoracotomy, at five different sites in each animal. For the simulation of pre-excitation through the septal accessory pathway, right basal septal pacing was performed using a transvenous lead. Left ventricular dyssynchrony was measured by a two-dimensional speckle-tracking technique: before and during pacing in the canine model, and before and within 24 h after the ablation in patients with Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW) syndrome. In the canine model, the most prominent intraventricular LVdys was observed in left lateral pre-excitation (P < 0.001).