She denies using any tobacco, or drugs of abuse. The patient is a housewife of eight years. She has an eight year education level which was disrupted due to her marriage. The patient denies family history of any medical illnesses and has two healthy children. On physical exam, the oral temperature was 37.2 °C, respiratory rate of 20, heart rate of 95, blood pressure of 130/80 and pulse oximetry of 98%. She was comfortable and at rest and alert and oriented to time and place. She had no surgical scars. The patient
had assymetrical thorax with mild scoliosis with Tariquidar cost shift to the left. Cardiac exam showed heart sounds S1 and S2 best heard at the left anterior axillary line with no murmurs, rubs or gallops. The lung exam showed hyperresonant vesicular sounds on the right side. Abdomen was soft and nontender, extremities showed no clubbing, cyanosis, edema or anomalies. Neuro exam was normal. On further questioning
about her childhood medical history, Selleck Raf inhibitor she noted having had a chest X-ray when she was six years old. She was told by one physician that she might have cardiac or mediastinal shift but she did not investigate it further. The patient’s mother was with her at the pulmonary clinic and denied consanguinity with her husband or taking any pills during her pregnancy and was 25 when she had her. The patient’s chest X-ray showed that she has mediastinal, and cardiac shadow displacement to the left side of the thorax. Collapse of the left lower lobe was considered. A chest CT-scan with IV contrast was done for the patient which showed
significant mediastinal shift toward the left side accompanied by compensatory hyperaeration in the right pulmonary parenchyma and total collapse of the left pulmonary parenchyma. The left main pulmonary artery was not present with normal pattern of the remaining bronchovasculature. The rest of the bronchovascular patterns of both lungs were normal. On bronchoscopy the patient had agenesis of the left lung. Spirometry and whole body plethysmography were done. The patient also had a cardiology consult to rule out any vascular, cardiac anomalies OSBPL9 or effect of the agenesis on cardiac function. Transesophageal echo was normal and there was no dextrocardia on EKG (Table 1). Differential diagnosis for the X-ray findings include total atelectasis from any cause, bronchiectasis with collapse and advanced fibrothorax which can be distinguished with the CT.4 Other conditions to consider in the differential include hyperlucent and hypoplastic lung syndromes, obstructive lung lesions mainly cancer, diaphragmatic hernia, adenomatoid cystic malformations and sequestrations and the Scimitar syndrome (which involves anomalous venous drainage of the right lung into the inferior vena cava associated with other vascular and cardiac anomalies).3 and 5 The lungs have ability to grow and regenerate in children.