Furthermore, a pharmacological dose of estradiol reduces central pain possibly via suppression of glial activity in VPL region. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ireland Ltd and the Japan Neuroscience Society. All rights reserved.”
“Although Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a primary degenerative disorder, a microglial-mediated inflammatory response, provoked by amyloid beta (A beta), contributes to the neurodegeneration and subsequently to the cell loss. Since such an inflammatory contribution to neurodegeneration
may influence disease progression, a basic question arises concerning the mechanisms of possible clinical signs dependent on inflammatory reactions. In the present study we investigated the levels of CCL3 in the peripheral blood of AD patients and correlated findings with the Blasticidin S purchase results of clinical tests such as the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the Global Deterioration Scale (GDS), as well as with disturbances of behaviour, mood and personality, thereby extending the spectrum of
clinical symptoms to ones not assessed by the MMSE or the GDS. CCL3 levels were lower in patients with AD but correlated positively with such noncognitive NU7026 cost symptoms as mood disturbances and personality changes. We found that CCL3 did not correlate with the severity of dementia as assessed by the MMSE or with the degree of disease deterioration as assessed by the GDS. The results from our study on CCL3 levels in AD may, in part, explain the mechanisms of some concomitant, noncognitive clinical features of the disease. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ireland
Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“Background Magnesium sulphate is a neuroprotective agent that might improve outcome after aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage by reducing the occurrence or improving Liproxstatin-1 the outcome of delayed cerebral ischaemia. We did a trial to test whether magnesium therapy improves outcome after aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage.
Methods We did this phase 3 randomised, placebo-controlled trial in eight centres in Europe and South America. We randomly assigned (with computer-generated random numbers, with permuted blocks of four, stratified by centre) patients aged 18 years or older with an aneurysmal pattern of subarachnoid haemorrhage on brain imaging who were admitted to hospital within 4 days of haemorrhage, to receive intravenous magnesium sulphate, 64 mmol/day, or placebo. We excluded patients with renal failure or bodyweight lower than 50 kg. Patients, treating physicians, and investigators assessing outcomes and analysing data were masked to the allocation. The primary outcome was poor outcome-defined as a score of 4-5 on the modified Rankin Scale-3 months after subarachnoid haemorrhage, or death. We analysed results by intention to treat. We also updated a previous meta-analysis of trials of magnesium treatment for aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage. This study is registered with controlled-trials.com (ISRCTN 68742385) and the EU Clinical Trials Register (EudraCT 2006-003523-36).