Further compression of the already column buckled large-aspect-ratio SWCNTs results in a shell buckling. This shell buckling mode is distinct from that of small-aspect-ratio SWCNTs in that it originates from the column buckling induced bending deformation. The transition strain from column buckling to shell buckling of large-aspect-ratio SWCNTs is predicted using an analytical expression.
The underlying mechanism is discussed by analyzing the variation of C-C bond lengths GSK1904529A order and angles. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi: 10.1063/1.3569616]“
“Pressure-assisted thermal processing (PATP) is an advanced thermal process involving application of elevated pressures above 600 MPa on a preheated food for a holding time of 3 to 5 min, causing the volumetric temperature of food to increase above 100 degrees C, to inactivate bacterial spores and enzymes. This study evaluated the influence of PATP on two state-of-the-art multilayer EVOH films. Flexible pouches
containing water as the food simulant were made from the two films and processed at 680 MPa for 3 min at 105 degrees C and 680 MPa for 5 min at 100 degrees C. Each film was investigated for its oxygen transmission rates (OTRs), melting temperature (T(m)), enthalpy of melting high throughput screening (Delta H), and overall crystallinity before (control) and after processing. Staurosporine supplier The changes in OTRs and total Delta H of the two films were also analyzed during a storage period of 240 days in ambient conditions after processing. Results showed a significant (P < 0.05) increase in the OTRs of the two films after PATP. However, PATP did not cause a significant (P > 0.05) change in the T(m) and Delta H of the two films. The overall crystallinity of film A decreased, but improved slightly for film B after PATP. A recovery
in the OTRs of the two films occurred during storage. The films also showed changes in the total Delta H measured during the storage period, which was used to explain the changes in the oxygen barrier properties. The OTR of both films remained below 2 cc/m(2) day, which is required in packaging applications for shelf-stable foods with a 1-year shelf life. This work demonstrates the advantages of using multilayer films containing EVOH as the barrier layer in PATP applications to produce shelf-stable foods. This work also highlights the advantage of, DSC analysis for studying the physical ageing of polymers during storage. (C) 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 122: 1538-1545, 2011″
“Primary ovarian insufficiency (POI) is a heterogeneous, multifactorial disorder. Though genetic anomalies, infections, autoimmune disorder and hormonal imbalance are few of the causes of POI, in the majority of patients (50-60%) no etiology has been identified.