During the period, 185 children (122 families) attending the center for pre-travel advice agreed

to participate. One hundred sixty-seven (90%) children (109 families) were evaluated by the post-travel questionnaire. Three (2%) children had cancelled their journey and 15 (8%) find more were unobtainable for follow-up. Sex ratio was 1.0 and mean age 68 (SD = 54) months. Ninety-nine (54%) children traveled to Africa, 48 (26%) to Indian Ocean, 18 (10%) to Asia, and 20 (11%) to South America. The five most visited countries were the Comoros (22%), Senegal (18%), Kenya (8%), Cameroon (7%), and French Guyana (5%). The mean duration of travel was 29 days (SD = 19). One hundred eighty-three (99%) children were born in France, but only 103 (56%) had European maternal ascendance. Thirty-seven (20%) of the children lived with only one of the parents (monoparental families) and 41 (22%) children had state health insurance. One hundred two children (55%) were VFR and 83 (45%) were traveling for tourism. As shown in Table 1, VFR children significantly differed from tourists in age (younger), maternal origins (outside Europe), family structure (monoparental), health insurance (state insurance), siblings (higher number), destination (Indian Ocean), housing during travel (local housing), duration

of the stay (longer), and time Erlotinib in vivo between pre-travel visit and departure (shorter). Table 2 reports the compliance with prophylactic measures among the 167 post-travel evaluated children. Only 75 (41%) children were already fully

immunized with routine vaccines.[7] Differences were observed in vaccine coverage: 84% for diphtheria, tetanus, poliomyelitis, pertussis, or Haemophilus influenzae type B, but Resveratrol 54% for hepatitis B. A routine vaccine update and travel-specific vaccines were proposed to 74 (40%) and 132 (71%) children, respectively. Among the 167 children for whom vaccination was recommended, 118 (71%) were fully compliant. Yellow fever vaccine was accepted in 100% of cases. Acceptance rates of hepatitis A, typhoid fever, and Bacillus Calmette Guérin immunizations were 75, 77, and 36%, respectively. Parents’ reasons for not going ahead with prescribed vaccinations (49 children) were: cost of vaccines (12%), fear of adverse events (12%), neglect of vaccination (6%), perceived inefficacy of vaccines (4%), or lack of time before departure (2%). One hundred sixty-one (87%) children were prescribed antimalarials: atovaquone-proguanil (46%), mefloquine (40%), doxycycline (9%), chloroquine (2%), and chloroquine plus proguanil (2%). Of those children 147 (91%) were evaluated on their return. All had used at least one form of protection against arthropod bites (repellent 95%, bed net 71%, or insecticides 54%) but only 46 (31%) children had used the three types of protection. The chemoprophylaxis was purchased for 136 (93%) children.