Although it is conceivable that Latino individuals may have less risk for fibrosis as an ethnic group, it is likely that the lower frequency of advanced Cilomilast research buy fibrosis may be explained, at least in part, by the overall younger age of the Latino population in this study. A notable finding of this study is the differential effect of HOMA-IR on risk of NASH (versus non-NASH histology), such that HOMA-IR conferred an increased risk of NASH in non-Latino whites, but not in Latinos. We did not find a differential effect of HOMA-IR on the risk of advanced fibrosis. Several studies

have described racial and ethnic variations in NAFLD, primarily with respect to differences in frequency of the disorder, with consistent reporting

of increased frequency in Latino populations and decreased frequency among African Americans. 3, 4, 7, 8, 23 Although the NASH CRN was not designed to be a population-based study, within our group of study participants with NAFLD, we found an increased frequency of NASH histology among Latinos (63%), compared to non-Latino blacks (52%), which LDE225 in vitro is in keeping with previously published trends. Although many studies of racial and ethnic variation in NAFLD have focused primarily on the prevalence (or frequency) of the disorder, a few studies have delved further into metabolic associations of NAFLD in different

racial and ethnic groups. A recently published study by Lomonaco et al. compared Hispanic and Caucasian individuals with biopsy-proven NASH with respect to several metabolic features, including measures of adipose and hepatic insulin resistance. The investigators found no significant difference between Hispanic and Caucasian individuals with respect to NASH severity, but their data suggested that in Hispanic diabetic patients, there may be a trend toward increased risk for fibrosis progression, warranting further investigation. 24 In two separate Cyclooxygenase (COX) investigations from the population-based Dallas Heart Study, Browning et al. and Guerrero et al. investigated the well-described dissociation between NAFLD and stereotypical metabolic risk factors, such as insulin resistance and obesity, among different racial and ethnic groups. 3, 9 Using magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) to detect hepatic steatosis in a multiethnic population-based sample, Browning et al. reported the highest prevalence of hepatic steatosis among Latinos (45%) and lowest prevalence of steatosis among African Americans (24%), with whites having an intermediate prevalence of 33%. They also speculated that the increased prevalence of hepatic steatosis among Latinos might be attributable to the high prevalence of obesity and insulin resistance in this ethnic group.