For QWs, ζ = 2.4048. In our case, the diameter of the Protease Inhibitor Library manufacturer nanocone is a function of its height d(z); therefore, it is a graded band gap semiconductor. The shape of this quantum structure allows us to obtain graded band gap in elementary semiconductors. The physical properties of a semiconductor strongly depend on the solid angle of the nanocone. So if the angle is about 60°, then the nanocone is a quantum dot – 0D system; if the angle tends

to be at 180°, then the nanocone degenerates to a quantum well – 2D system; and if the angle tends to 0°, then the nanocone degenerates to the wire – 1D system. The most interesting case is when the angle is between 60° and 0°, then band gap of a semiconductor gradually increases towards the top of the nanocone, leading to a graded band gap structure. The possibility of wide applications of graded band gap structure in optoelectronics devices was shown in [12]. For example, a photodetector possessing both properties can be of bolometric type with an ‘open window’ on top of the cones or with a selective spectral sensitivity depending on light propagation direction and a light source with gradual change of the emitted wavelength depending on z-coordinate. FGFR inhibitor Understanding of the mechanism of nanocones formation in semiconductors

by laser radiation is a very important task for physics and nanotechnology. Recently, we have shown a possibility to form nanocones by Nd:YAG laser radiation on the surface of elementary semiconductors such as Si [8], Ge [7], and CdZnTe [13], and SiGe [9] solid solutions. The phenomena of ‘blue shift’ of the PL spectra and ‘red shift’ of the phonon LO line in the Raman spectra are explained by exciton

and phonon quantum confinement effect Vildagliptin in nanocones [7]. The asymmetry of the PL band in the spectrum of Si nanocones is explained by the formation of 1D-graded band gap structure [8]. A two-stage mechanism of nanocones formation has been proposed for SiGe solid solution [9]. The first stage of nanocones formation is the generation and redistribution of point defects (impurity atoms and intrinsic defects – vacancies and interstitials) in temperature gradient field, the so-called thermogradient effect (TGE) [15]. As a result of TGE, a new phase on the irradiated surface is formed, for example, Ge phase on the surface of SiGe solid solution [9], which was confirmed by appearance of new LO line in back-scattering Raman spectra. The second stage is characterized by mechanical plastic deformation of the strained top layer leading to arise of the nanocones due to selective laser absorption of the top layer. This stage is more or less similar to Stranski-Krastanov (S-K) growth mode of quantum dots.